VC dimension in machine learning

VC dimension, short for Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension, is a concept in machine learning that measures the capacity or complexity of a hypothesis space, which is the set of all possible hypotheses that a learning algorithm can output. It provides a theoretical framework for understanding the generalization ability of learning algorithms.

The VC dimension quantifies the maximum number of points that can be shattered by a hypothesis space. Shattering refers to the ability of a hypothesis space to perfectly fit the labels of any set of points. If a hypothesis space can shatter a set of points, it means it can fit any possible labeling of those points. The VC dimension is defined as the size of the largest set of points that can be shattered by the hypothesis space.

To understand VC dimension, let's consider a binary classification problem where we have a set of points and we want to separate them into two classes, positive and negative. The VC dimension of a hypothesis space tells us the largest number of points for which we can find a hypothesis that can fit any possible labeling of those points.

For example, if we have three points in a two-dimensional space, it is possible to find a hypothesis space that can perfectly separate the points with any possible labeling. In this case, the VC dimension is 3. However, if we have four points, there will always be at least one labeling that cannot be perfectly separated by any hypothesis space. In this case, the VC dimension is less than 4.

The VC dimension provides an upper bound on the number of training examples needed for a learning algorithm to achieve a certain level of generalization. It suggests that the larger the VC dimension of a hypothesis space, the more expressive it is, and the more likely it is to overfit the training data.

When the VC dimension is small, it implies that the hypothesis space is less expressive and may have limited capacity to fit complex patterns in the data. On the other hand, a hypothesis space with a large VC dimension is more flexible and can potentially fit intricate patterns. However, as the VC dimension increases, the risk of overfitting also increases, meaning the model may not generalize well to unseen data.

The VC dimension is closely related to the concept of model complexity. A more complex model, often characterized by a larger hypothesis space, tends to have a larger VC dimension. However, there is a trade-off between model complexity and generalization. A simpler model with a smaller VC dimension may generalize better, while a complex model with a larger VC dimension may have a higher risk of overfitting.

In practice, the VC dimension is used as a theoretical tool to guide the design and analysis of learning algorithms. It helps researchers understand the fundamental limits of learning and provides insights into the trade-offs between model complexity, generalization, and overfitting. By considering the VC dimension, researchers can make informed decisions about the choice of hypothesis space and the amount of training data needed to achieve good generalization performance.

To summarize, the VC dimension is a measure of the capacity or complexity of a hypothesis space in machine learning. It quantifies the maximum number of points that can be shattered by the hypothesis space and provides insights into the generalization ability of learning algorithms. Understanding the VC dimension helps in making informed decisions about model complexity, generalization, and overfitting.

Actor Ranveer Singh might be booked for nude photo.

The MUMBAI police weekday registered associate degree FIR against actor Ranveer Singh for allegedly posting his images from his nude photoshoot on his Instagram account. The action came when a Mumbai-based attorney associate degreed an NGO lodged a grievance with the police on Monday, accessorial officers. A note free by the MUMBAI police aforementioned that by posting his nude images from his photoshoot done by Paper magazine, the actor with a purpose to ‘earn huge money’ had all over up being a poor influence on young youngsters and society at giant. because of this act, it's additionally tried to outrage the modesty of ladies, the note browse. The GULLY Boy actor was charged with sections 292 (sale of obscene books), 293 (sale of obscene objects to young persons) and 509 (act assuming to outrage modesty of women) of the Indian legal code (IPC) beside Section 67A of the IT Act, that deals with publication of any material that contains sexually specific act or conduct.

SFI Affiliate Marketing

SFI ( International) Marketing Groupwas launched in 1998. Starting with just one product, sold only in the United States, SFI has now grown to more than 44000 products and services (and growing daily) sold in more than 190 countries around the world.

SFI was created to allow anyone with a computer and Internet access the opportunity to tap into the worldwide e-commerce revolution. Anyone of legal age in his or her country can become an SFI affiliate for free by filling out an online registration form. There is no obligation or purchase requirements of any kind.

Once registered, affiliates are provided with professional Websites for marketing SFI's products on the Internet. SFI also provides all necessary sale support services, such as customer service, payment processing, and product shipment – all at no cost to the affiliate. For each sale generated, SFI pays the referring affiliate a commission. Additional commissions can be earned by building and leading affiliate groups. 

Skype for your Android device

The skype version 2.6 for android mobile device launched. Now with this launch the skype users can easily send pictures, videos and other files directly from the application to their contacts. This feature will be supported both in Wifi and 3G data connections. Now almost anyone with an android device running android 2.2 or above can try out skype video calling for free.

The new application version is available for download via the Android Market for all devices running under Android 2.1 or newer. The software is available for free and weighs in at 12MB. Another great thing about this launch is that the battery life is improved with this version especially for devices running on NVIDIA’s Tegra 2 chipset – where these will include the Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1, Motorola XOOM and Acer Iconia Tablet among others. Basically, as long as your device has Android 2.2 Froyo or better, you can always try to give Skype video calling a go.

You can download Skype 2.6 for Android from the Android Market now.

webOS : an open source project

HP has decided to continue webOS as an open source project. Now webOS is following the similar path that Android did. By open-sourcing it, HP will give other manufacturers the opportunity to use the platform in their devices.

This decision of HP will not only enhance the use of its webOS with other tablet manufactures, but also gives a chance of increasing its presence in the tablet market. Lack of apps was the biggest problem that webOS was facing till now as compared to its competitor like android, iOS. So webOS has to overcome this problem and regain the trust of third party developers.

It will be interesting to see if the open source of webOS can attract new interests from third party developers. It is both the ending and the beginning of the operating system.It is expected to be the best move for webOS to make it live in the competitive market. As we can see google is investing a lot on android OS for tablets as an open source project.

Hope it works well for the company and it could attract developers as an open source project. The android and Apple’s iOS dominate the smartphone landscape and at this point of time the webOS bet makes sense. By open sourcing webOS lets hope that HP can find a following for the mobile platform. This arrangement of the company with open source community will give other developers to work in it and keeping the webOS live in the market.

Sony P - Ultra Portable Tablet

The new Sony P tablet is launched with a clamshell design making it stand out from the crowd. This design makes it a perfect compact device in the market. The Sony P comes with a dual screen, with each of the screen measuring 5.5 inches in size. Talking about the feature of this device it is packaged with the latest android platform, 4G capable, Sony Entertainment Network with Music Unlimited, Video Unlimited and games for PS Certified devices.
With the Sony P tablet featured with two screens it gives a complete different experience when using it, as compared to the other android tablets running honeycomb.

This tablet works great for gaming as it is play station certified. The bottom screen of the tablet works as the controls while the gaming action takes place all in the top screen. To the gamers advantage the touch screen is responsive enough.

The Sony P tablet has an ultra portable design. The upper and lower portions have a rounded back, so when it's closed, the tablet does a good impression of a long, slightly flattened cylinder that's probably not much larger than a glasses case. The tablet looks very stylish. The tablet comes with a front and rear camera, with a mere weight of only 372 g.

But away from its unique design and style the Sony P tablet has been slapped with a hefty price tag by the company, which would really be a matter of concerned among the tablet lovers.

Android 4.0-Operating System

Android 4.0 is the latest version of the android platform for phones. It comes with features people loved most about android such as easy multi-tasking, customizable home screens, resizable widgets and deep interactivity and with powerful new of communicating and sharing.

The most important feature is its simplicity. It makes you navigate with ease with simple, intuitive gestures. Animation and feedback throughout the system makes interactions engaging and interesting. Virtual buttons are present across all application which makes it simple for you to navigate all around the applications with ease. Multitasking has been the key features of android operating system and with the android 4.0 it is made easier and visual. You can jump from one application to another with the new recent application buttons.

Android 4.0 makes managing notifications, recent apps, and browser tabs even easier. You can now dismiss individual notifications, apps from the Recent Apps list, and browser tabs with a simple swipe of a finger.

Android 4.0 introduces a powerful new voice input engine that offers a continuous "open microphone" experience and streaming voice recognition. The new voice input engine lets you dictate the text you want, for as long as you want and with a language of your choice. You can speak continuously for a prolonged time, even pausing for intervals if needed, and dictate punctuation to create correct sentences. As the voice input engine enters text, it underlines possible dictation errors in gray. After dictating, you can tap the underlined words to quickly replace them from a list of suggestions.

Android has always been cloud-connected, letting you browse the web and sync photos, apps, games, email, and contacts — wherever you are and across all of your devices. Android 4.0 adds new browsing and email capabilities to let you take even more with them and keep communication organized.